Pigmentation diseases, also known as pigmentation disorders, affect the skin's color and can result in either hyperpigmentation (dark patches) or hypopigmentation (light patches). Here’s a breakdown of common pigmentation disorders:

Hyperpigmentation Disorders

1. Addison's Disease: A rare condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones, leading to increased melanin production and generalized darkening of the skin.

2. Nevi (Moles): Pigmented lesions that can vary in color and size. Most moles are benign, but changes in appearance or sudden growth should be evaluated by a dermatologist.